Republic of Croatia is a country located in central Europe that is geographically surrounded by the Pannonian Plain, Southeast Europe and the Mediterranean Sea. Its capital, at the same time its main financial, university and commercial center, is Zagreb, with one million residents in its metropolitan area. Croatia borders Slovenia and Hungary to the north, Serbia to the northeast, Bosnia and Herzegovina to the east, and Montenegro to the south. To the southwest, Croatia borders the Adriatic Sea and also shares a maritime border with Italy in the Gulf of Trieste. Zagreb is the capital city of Croatia according to itypejob.
History
The Croats are a people of Slavic-Dinar origin, there they mixed with other Slavic peoples, acquiring their language and customs. Later, they emigrated again and settled in historic Croatia (Zagreb and its environs) during the 7th century. Starting in the 9th century, Croatia became one of the most powerful kingdoms in the region, successfully fighting Avars, Bulgarians and Magyars or Hungarians. In 1102, as a result of a nuptial union, the Croats became part of the kingdom of Hungary, under the sovereignty of its king. Towards the middle of the 13th century, the Hungarian kingdom was strongly impacted by the Ottoman expansion, which led the Croatian parliament (Sabor) to invite the Habsburgs, under the reign of Ferdinand I, to assume power over historic Croatia. The Habsburg reign successfully fought the Ottomans and, by the 18th century, much of Croatia was free from Turkish control, while part of Istria and Dalmatia remained under the control of the Venetian Republic, in contrast to the small, but powerful pearl of the Adriatic, the Republic of Ragusa. In 1868, Croatia and Dalmatia gained great national autonomy, each having its Sabor or Parliament, while the Croatian Habsburg region remained under Hungarian authority, Dalmatia and Istria did so under the direct direction of Austria.
After the First World War and the fall of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Croatia together with Dalmatia and Istria became part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (which in 1929 became the kingdom of Yugoslavia and in 1944 a Republic). The 29 of October of 1918, the Croatian Sabor (parliament) declared independence and sovereignty expressed his desire not to enter the new State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs.
In 1924 a decision of barely half plus one of the deputies of the National Assembly stipulated in the constitution the centralist character of the state. This decision promoted and carried out with authoritarianism by Prime Minister Nikola Pašić, caused the opposition of the Croats, who fought ever since to reestablish their autonomy, a central objective for the Croatian Peasant Party, achieved in 1939 when its leader Vladko Maček signed with the government. of the kingdom the Cvetković-Maček Treaty, which established the Banovina of Croatia.
Yugoslavia was invaded by Germany during World War II and Croatia was made the Independent State of Croatia. After the defeat of the Axis forces, Croatia rejoined Yugoslavia again, it was converted into a federal socialist state, under the leadership of Josip Broz Tito.
Zagreb History
Today’s Zagreb was created out of two medieval towns which developed for centuries on two neighboring hills. The first written memory of Zagreb comes from the year 1094 when the bishopric of Kaptol was founded, while the neighboring Gradec is proclaimed a city of the free kingdom in the year 1242. The two towns were surrounded by strong walls and towers, the remains of which are still preserved.
During the Turkish invasions of Europe from the 14th to the 18th century, Zagreb was an important border fortress. The baroque reconstruction of the city in the seventeenth centuries and XVIII changes the form and appearance of Gradec and Kaptol. Old wooden houses were torn down while luxurious palaces, monasteries and churches were built. Numerous mercantile fairs, income from the estates and the multitude of artisan workshops contributed to the wealth of the city. Wealthy noble families, kingdom officials, leading clergymen, and wealthy merchants from all over Europe moved to the city. Schools and hospitals were opened, the cultural customs of European capitals were accepted. The city strengthened its medieval borders and spread across the vast valley. Also the first parks and estates were built. Zagreb is confirmed as the administrative, economic and cultural center of Croatia.
The administrative unification of Kaptol, Gradec and the surrounding villages into one city, Zagreb, in 1850, further accelerated their development. The destructive earthquake of 1880 began the reconstruction and modernization of many old neighborhoods and buildings. Representative public buildings were constructed, parks and fountains were designed, public transport and public services were organized.
In the nineteenth century the number of residents is ten times greater than it was. The 20th century brought the spirit of Secession to Zagreb. The city lived in the abundance of its own society, strongly related to the cultural, artistic and scientific centers of that time. With the growth of wealth and industry since the 1960s, the city expanded rapidly through the valley next to the Sava River where a modern commercial city grows, prepared for the challenges of the third millennium.
Some of its important events
The city was the site of an ancient Roman settlement. In the year 1093 Zagreb was named episcopal see and, in 1242, it acquired independence. The city was designated the capital of Croatia and Slovenia in 1867, and in 1918 it became part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (the former Yugoslavia). In 1991 the country became an independent state of Yugoslavia.
Sports
The city has a sports stadium called Maksimir Stadium, which by the way is the most important in the city because it is the headquarters of Dinamo Zagreb, which has a capacity of 40,000 people.
