The first inhabitants of Argentina were Indians. In 1516, Spanish travelers landed on its shores, but the locals were quite belligerent, so the Spaniards left these lands.

In 1526, the navigator Sebastian Cabot, traveling across the Atlantic Ocean, ended up in the Gulf of La Plata, having passed it, he went further along the Paraguay and Parana rivers. This time, the Indians were supportive of the Spaniards and even presented them with gifts of silver. But the travelers did not stay in these parts. Only in 1537 was the first Spanish settlement of Asuncion (now the capital of Paraguay) founded. By decision of the Spanish crown, the new colony became part of the Viceroyalty of Peru. In 1617 it was divided into two provinces centered on Asuncion and Buenos Aires, which was founded in 1580. Check a2zdirectory for old history of Argentina.

In 1776, the territories of present-day Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, and Bolivia seceded and created the Viceroyalty of La Plata, with Buenos Aires as its capital. During the war with Napoleon (and Spain was an ally of France), England decided to seize a new viceroyalty. In 1806, the English army attacked Buenos Aires. The Indians of northern Patagonia suffered the most in these battles, but nevertheless the Spaniards defended the capital and the invaders were expelled.

After the war, on July 9, 1816, the declaration of independence of La Plata from Spain was signed. The territories of present-day Bolivia, Paraguay and Uruguay refused to recognize the supremacy of Buenos Aires, therefore they created independent governments. As a result of disagreements, in 1826 a constitution was adopted, according to which the remaining territory, where Buenos Aires was located, assumed the status of a confederation and became known as the Federal Republic of Argentina.

The further history of Argentina was marked by the rapid development of agriculture, the country has become one of the world’s largest exporters of grain and meat. However, the bulk of the land was in the hands of wealthy citizens, immigrants from Europe, so at the beginning of the 20th century, discontent among the peasants began to grow. Social tensions in the country led to a coup d’état in 1930. General José Felix Uriburu came to power and unleashed a wave of repression on workers, radicals and the opposition. Before the military coup in 1943, there was a confrontation between the Uriburu regime and disgruntled citizens.

In 1943, against the background of the Second World War, almost the entire non-civilian population of Argentina opposed the ruling elite, and General Pedro Pablo Ramirez became the main face of these events. However, this ruler did not find the support of the people. It became clear that peace in the country is possible only with a certain agreement with the people. The greatest success in subsequent years in this matter was achieved by President Juan Domingo Peron. But Peron set a course for the industrialization of the economy, which undermined the agricultural sector. All this led to the overthrow of the president.

Until the 21st century, no new ruler remained in office for long. The country was swallowed up by an economic and social crisis. A wave of civil wars weakened Argentina so much that there seemed to be no way out of this situation. But in 1983, the first general democratic elections were held in Argentina, marking the beginning of a new era in the country’s history.

Now the situation in the country is improving, Peronists dominate the political scene in Argentina, but so far political, social and economic problems prevent it from developing fully.

There are some problems in international relations as well. In 1982, a conflict broke out between Argentina and Great Britain over the right to own the Falkland Islands. During the year, about 1,000 soldiers from both sides were killed. Great Britain won, but Argentina still disputes its right to these islands.

Island of Tierra del Fuego.

Argentina owns half of Tierra del Fuego. The total area of the island is 65 thousand square meters. km. It got its name during the expedition of Magellan. Passing by the island, he saw the fires from the fires that were kindled by the Indians, and the name Tierra del Fuego was born.

The regional capital is Ushuaia. – the most southern city of the Earth. It is located on the banks of the Beagle Channel. Of the sights of the city, the old prison is interesting, where the local history museum “Museum of the End of the World” is now located. Excursions depart

from Ushuaia to Tierra del Fuego National Park, where animals such as the red fox, guanaco and North American beaver, and birds such as the condor, albatross, cormorant, gulls, ducks and yellow-billed geese are protected. Also of interest is Los Glaciares National Park, which is located in the Fitz Roy mountain range in the province of Santa Cruz. You can see about 13 glaciers in it, the most famous of them is Perito Moreno, its height is 60 m, and the coastline is 4 km long.

From the island you can get to Antarctica. Flights regularly depart from here to the coast, where the Argentine military base is located.