Geography

Uzbekistan (Geography), Most of Uzbekistan’s territory is part of the Turan lowlands, much of which is the Kyzylku Desert. To the NW of the Karakalpak Autonomous Republic lies the Ustjurth Highlands, and to the east the foothills of the Tian Shan and Gissar-Alaj mountains extend inland and close in on the fertile Fergana Valley. Some mountain valleys, small enclaves south of the Fergana Valley, also belong to Uzbekistan. The country lies between the great rivers Syr Darja and Amu Darja, which disappear into the two smaller remnants of the Aral Sea, which lies on the border with Kazakhstan. These two rivers as well as the Zeravshan are dammed in several places and are of great importance for the predominantly irrigated agriculture as well as for energy production at a number of large hydropower plants; Syr Darja and Amu Darja also serve as transport routes.

Uzbekistan has a subtropical mainland climate with very hot, dry summers (July average 32 °C) and in the south short and relatively mild winters (January −8 °C). However, it can get very cold, all the way down to −37 ° C. There is little rainfall, 80-90 mm on the plains. In the higher mountains, up to 1000 mm of snow and rain fall, predominantly in winter.

Population. There is no reliable information on the population, but it is stated to be approximately 26.6 million The distribution of nationality is also based on an estimate. About 80% of the population are Uzbeks. The other population groups are Russians, Tajiks, Koreans, Kazakhs and Karakal Packers. Central Asia was used as a deportation site during the Soviet era, and in 2006 there were probably still groups of Chechens, Crimean Tatars, and Messiahs in the country. For most of the Soviet era, Uzbekistan had a strong natural population growth with a high birth rate and an ever-decreasing death rate. Despite the economic downturn, population growth continued after independence in 1991, but since 2001 it has averaged 1% per year, due to lower birth rates and greater emigration of ethnic minorities. The declining industrial employment has made it difficult for industries to absorb the new major vintages.

• Countryaah: Do you know how many people there are in Uzbekistan? Check this site to see population pyramid and resident density about this country.

Industries. Agriculture is the most important profession. From here comes approximately one third of GDP, and here approximately one third of the workforce. Most of the territory of the republic is desert or arid steppes, but in the fertile, irrigated oases, intensive, mechanized agriculture is practiced. Cotton is the most important crop, and despite some industry, raw cotton is an important export product that in 2002-05 provided the country with approximately 20% of total export earnings; in 1998, however, the share was 39%, and the sharp decline is due to poor harvest yields and low world market prices. Uzbekistan is the world’s second largest cotton exporter. The country was also the largest silk producer in the Soviet Union, and large-scale production has been maintained since independence. Other important crops are tobacco and foods such as wheat, rice, fruits and vegetables. The country also has a large herd of cattle (around 5 million), and large flocks of Karakul sheep (about 8 million) graze on the steppes. Uzbekistan, however, is not self-sufficient, but is heavily dependent on imports of basic foods such as wheat, meat, milk and potatoes. Efforts to increase self-sufficiency were launched in 1995, and the area of ​​cereals was greatly expanded, while at the same time seeking to maintain cotton production. The former state farms were all transformed into cooperatives after independence, but without changing the forms of operation. There is no private ownership of land, but there are a few private farms. at the same time as cotton production was sought to be maintained. The former state farms were all transformed into cooperatives after independence, but without changing the forms of operation. There is no private ownership of land, but there are a few private farms. at the same time as cotton production was sought to be maintained. The former state farms were all transformed into cooperatives after independence, but without changing the forms of operation. There is no private ownership of land, but there are a few private farms.

Uzbekistan’s subsoil is rich in exploitable raw materials, and exploitation and processing were given high priority by the government after independence. Uzbekistan is No. 8 among the world’s gold producers, but silver, copper and other metals are also mined in large quantities, and metals are the country’s second most important export item. There is also oil and coal in The Fergana area and very large natural gas deposits north and south of Bukhara and in Ustjurt towards the NW. Natural gas is connected to the Central Asian and Russian distribution networks, but the government decided in the 1990’s to try self-sufficiency in the field of energy and not increase exports, among other things. because buyers, especially in neighboring countries, did not pay.

Although a large part of the cotton and silk is exported, a fairly large textile industry has also emerged in Uzbekistan. produces the characteristic colorful silk and cotton fabrics. A machine industry has also been developed that supplies machines to agriculture and the textile industry. The American-German car company Daimler-Chrysler opened a large truck factory in 1995, and the South Korean company Daewoo opened a car factory in Tashkent in 1996. However, the Daewoo factory went bankrupt in 2000, but in 2005 the Uzbek government bought Daewoo out of the factory and continued to assemble the South Korean cars. Oil and gas extraction has provided a basis for the chemical industry, fertilizer.

The railway and road system is well developed in the populated parts of the country with railway and motorway connections to the main cities and to neighboring countries and Russia. There is also an extensive network of domestic and international flights. The many direct connections from Tashkent airport symbolize Uzbekistan’s growing independence from Russia. Although some cities have many historical architectural monuments, tourism has declined since independence, due to poor hotel standard. For culture and traditions of Uzbekistan, please check animalerts.

Uzbekistan’s overriding environmental problem is the intensive cotton production. The large water consumption has contributed to the drying up of the Aral Sea, the pollution of the rivers and the salting of the fields. In addition, recurring salt storms that further bother agriculture. The salt problems in the cotton fields have been solved by flushing and collecting the salt water in special canals that lead the water out into desert lakes with additional water consumption as a result. International co-operation agreements have been concluded on the rescue of the Aral Sea (Nukus Agreement, 1995), but population growth and the countries’ strong dependence on irrigated agriculture have made it difficult to limit water consumption.